Increased growth of algae and aquatic weeds and their subsequent death results in the decrease of oxygen in the water. This makes potable water unfit for consumption. This process is known as:

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BSPHCL JE Electrical 2019 Official Paper: Batch 1 (Held on 30 Jan 2019)

Answer 1

The correct answer is Eutrophication.Key Points

Harmful algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills are the results of a process called eutrophication—which begins with the increased load of nutrients to estuaries and coastal waters.
Eutrophication sets off a chain reaction in the ecosystem, starting with an overabundance of algae and plants.
The excess algae and plant matter eventually decompose, producing large amounts of carbon dioxide.
This lowers the pH of seawater, a process known as ocean acidification. Acidification slows the growth of fish and shellfish and can prevent shell formation in bivalve mollusks.
This leads to a reduced catch for commercial and recreational fisheries, meaning smaller harvests and more expensive seafood.

Additional Information

Bio-magnification	Biomagnification, also known as amplification or biological magnification, is the increase in the concentration of a substance, e.g a pesticide, in the tissues of organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain.
Accumulation	Biological accumulation is the continuous buildup of foreign substances, such as pesticides or toxic chemicals, within an organism. Biological is used to describe things that involve living organisms.
Pollution	Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash.