According to Koeppen’s Scheme, which type of climate is denoted by ‘Cwg’ in India? 

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  1. Monsoon with dry winter 
  2. Semi-arid steppe climate 
  3. Polar type 
  4. Monsoon with dry summer 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Monsoon with dry winter 
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Monsoon with dry winter.

Key Points

  • Köppen's scheme:-
    • It is also known as the Köppen climate classification, is a widely used system for classifying and describing the world's climates based on temperature and precipitation patterns.
    • It was developed by the Russian-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in the early 20th century and has undergone several modifications since then.
    • The Köppen climate classification system divides the Earth's climates into five main types, each designated by a specific letter code:
      • Tropical (A): These climates are characterized by high temperatures year-round and abundant precipitation. They are typically found in equatorial regions and include tropical rainforests and savannas.
      • Dry (B): Dry climates are characterized by low precipitation levels. They are further divided into three subtypes:
        • BWh: Hot desert climates, with extremely high temperatures and very low rainfall.
        • BWk: Cold desert climates, similar to hot deserts but with colder winters.
        • BSh/BSk: Steppe climates, with moderate temperatures and low rainfall.
      • Temperate (C): Temperate climates have distinct seasons and moderate precipitation. They are divided into three subtypes: Cfa/Cwa,  Cfb/Cwb, Csa/Csb:

      • Continental (D): Continental climates have a wide temperature range and moderate precipitation. They are divided into two subtypes: Dfa/Dwa, Dfb/Dwb.

      • Polar (E): Polar climates are characterized by extremely cold temperatures and very low precipitation. They are divided into two subtypes: ET, EF.

    • Koeppen's climate classification scheme designates the "Cwg" code for a specific type of climate in India.
      • In this classification system, "C" represents a temperate or mesothermal climate, "w" indicates a dry winter season, and "g" stands for a hot summer.
      • Therefore, the "Cwg" climate in India is a temperate climate with a dry winter and a hot summer.
      • This type of climate is found in certain regions of northern India, particularly in areas such as parts of Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh

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