Common Name of Compound MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Common Name of Compound - Download Free PDF

CONCEPT:

Gypsum and Its Chemical Formula

• Gypsum is a naturally occurring mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate.
• The chemical formula of gypsum is CaSO₄·2H₂O, which means it consists of one calcium sulfate unit combined with two water molecules.
• Gypsum is widely used in the construction industry (e.g., for making plaster of Paris and drywall) and in agriculture as a soil conditioner.

EXPLANATION:

•  MgSO₄·7H₂O - This is the chemical formula of Epsom salt, not gypsum.
•  Na₂SO₄·18H₂O - This is the chemical formula of Glauber's salt, not gypsum.
• CaSO₄·1/2H₂O - This is the chemical formula of plaster of Paris, not gypsum. Plaster of Paris is obtained by heating gypsum and removing most of its water content.
•  CaSO₄·2H₂O - This is the correct chemical formula of gypsum.
• Thus, the correct answer is  CaSO₄·2H₂O.

Therefore, the chemical formula of gypsum is CaSO₄·2H₂O.

CONCEPT:

Alum and Its Chemical Formula

• Alum is a chemical compound that is commonly used as an astringent to stop bleeding from minor cuts or abrasions.
• It is a double sulfate of potassium and aluminum, and its chemical formula is KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O.
• The term "alum" typically refers to potassium alum, which is the most commonly used form of alum.

EXPLANATION:

• The chemical formula of potassium alum is:

  KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O

• This formula indicates that potassium alum consists of:
  • One potassium (K) ion
  • One aluminum (Al) ion
  • Two sulfate (SO₄) ions
  • 12 molecules of water of crystallization (12H₂O)
• Potassium alum is used in first aid because of its ability to constrict blood vessels and coagulate proteins, which helps in stopping bleeding.

Therefore, the chemical formula of alum commonly used to stop bleeding is KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O.

CONCEPT:

Chemical Formula of Cryolite

• Cryolite is a mineral that is used in the aluminum extraction process, specifically in the Hall-Héroult process for the electrolytic reduction of alumina (Al₂O₃) to aluminum.
• The chemical formula of cryolite is Na₃AlF₆.
• Cryolite serves as a flux in the process, reducing the melting point of alumina and improving the efficiency of the aluminum extraction process.

EXPLANATION:

• CaF₂ - This is the formula for fluorite, not cryolite.
•  NaF - Sodium fluoride, which is incorrect as cryolite contains aluminum and multiple fluoride ions.
• AlF₃ - Aluminum fluoride, which is incorrect since cryolite also contains sodium.
• Na₃AlF₆ - This is the correct formula for cryolite, as it contains sodium, aluminum, and fluoride ions in the right proportions.

​Therefore, the chemical formula of cryolite is Na₃AlF₆.

The correct answer is the Rosenmund catalyst.

Key Points

• Rosenmund catalyst is a catalyst specifically used in the hydrogenation of acyl chlorides to aldehydes.
• The catalyst consists of palladium (Pd) deposited on barium sulfate (BaSO₄).
• It is named after the German chemist Karl Wilhelm Rosenmund, who developed this catalytic process.
• The presence of barium sulfate helps to poison the palladium, preventing it from over-reducing the aldehyde to the corresponding alcohol.

Additional Information

• Hillman Reaction Catalyst
  • The Hillman reaction is a carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction involving the addition of an activated alkene to an aldehyde or ketone in the presence of a catalyst.
  • It generally requires a base catalyst, not Pd/BaSO₄.
• Cannizzaro Reaction Catalyst
  • The Cannizzaro reaction involves the base-induced disproportionation of non-enolizable aldehydes to yield a primary alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
  • This reaction typically uses a strong base like NaOH or KOH as the catalyst.
• Aldol Reaction Catalyst
  • The aldol reaction involves the formation of a β-hydroxy ketone or aldehyde through the reaction of an enolate with another carbonyl compound.
  • It usually requires a base or acid catalyst, not Pd/BaSO₄.

The correct answer is chloroform.Key Points

• Trichloromethane is better known as Chloroform.
• Chloroform is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor and a nonflammable nature.
• It is commonly used as an anesthetic during surgeries and medical procedures.
• Chloroform was also used as a solvent and in the production of refrigerants and pesticides.
• However, its use has been restricted due to its potential toxicity and carcinogenic effects.

Additional Information

• Butanes
  • Butanes are a group of hydrocarbons that are commonly used as fuel for lighters and stoves.
  • They are also used as propellants in aerosol sprays and as a refrigerant.
  • However, they are highly flammable and can pose a fire hazard if not handled properly.
• LPG
  • LPG or liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of propane and butane.
  • It is commonly used as fuel for heating, cooking, and transportation.
  • LPG is a clean-burning fuel and emits fewer pollutants compared to other fossil fuels.
  • However, it is highly flammable and can pose safety risks if not handled properly.
• Laughing gas
  • Laughing gas is the common name for nitrous oxide, which is a colorless gas with a sweet odor.
  • It is commonly used as an anesthetic during dental procedures and as a recreational drug.
  • Nitrous oxide has a euphoric effect and can cause laughing and giggling, hence the name.
  • However, it can also cause dizziness, nausea, and in rare cases, loss of consciousness.

The correct answer is bleaching powder.

Key Points

• Bleaching powder:
• The chlorine produced on passing electricity through brine solution undergoes a reaction with dry slaked lime [Ca (OH)2] to produce Bleaching powder.
• The reaction is as follows: Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2Owhere,
  • Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide or dry-slaked lime.
  • Cl2 is chlorine gas
  • CaOCl2 is a bleaching powder or calcioxychlorate.​

Additional Information

• Bleaching powder is used for several purposes:
  • As a bleaching agent for bleaching cotton and linen in the textile industry,
  • To bleach wood pulp in the paper manufacturing industry.
  • To bleach washed clothes in the laundry.
  • As an oxidizing agent in many chemical industries.
  • To disinfect drinking water and make it germ-free.

Important Points

The correct answer is CaOKey Points

• Calcium oxide (CaO):
  • It is commonly known as Quick lime or burnt lime.
  • It is commonly used in making porcelain and glass and also in preparing bleaching powder, etc.

Important Points

• Calcium chloride (CaCl2):
  • It is used in the production of activated charcoal and used as an electrolyte in sports drinks.
• Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2:
  • It is also known as slaked lime.
  • It is used in sewage treatment, paper production, and food processing, etc.
• Calcium Sulfate (CaSO4):
  • Calcium Sulfate, often known as Gypsum, is a well-known soil conditioner that helps farmers enhance the structure of their soil.
  • This form of fertilizer provides all of the nutrients essential for the growth of your plants.
  • Calcium enhances soil structure and produces oxygen conditions that are necessary for the health of the soil and plants.
  • Potassium is an important nutrient in commercial fertilizers.
  • It improves plant disease resistance and has a vital role in enhancing crop yields and overall quality.

Additional Information

Some common chemical compounds with their common names are:

The correct answer is potassium nitrate.

Key Points

• Potassium nitrate(KNO3) is also called Saltpetre or Nitre.
• It is widely used in Fertilizers, Gunpowder, Rocket Propellants, Firecrackers, food processing, etc. It has also certain pharmacological uses.

Additional Information

 Potassium manganite 

• Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) is an inorganic chemical compound.
• It is also known as Condy's crystals or permanganate of potash.

Lead nitrate

• Lead(II) nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Pb(NO3)2.
• It commonly occurs as a colourless crystal or white powder

The correct answer is chloroform.Key Points

• Trichloromethane is better known as Chloroform.
• Chloroform is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor and a nonflammable nature.
• It is commonly used as an anesthetic during surgeries and medical procedures.
• Chloroform was also used as a solvent and in the production of refrigerants and pesticides.
• However, its use has been restricted due to its potential toxicity and carcinogenic effects.

Additional Information

• Butanes
  • Butanes are a group of hydrocarbons that are commonly used as fuel for lighters and stoves.
  • They are also used as propellants in aerosol sprays and as a refrigerant.
  • However, they are highly flammable and can pose a fire hazard if not handled properly.
• LPG
  • LPG or liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of propane and butane.
  • It is commonly used as fuel for heating, cooking, and transportation.
  • LPG is a clean-burning fuel and emits fewer pollutants compared to other fossil fuels.
  • However, it is highly flammable and can pose safety risks if not handled properly.
• Laughing gas
  • Laughing gas is the common name for nitrous oxide, which is a colorless gas with a sweet odor.
  • It is commonly used as an anesthetic during dental procedures and as a recreational drug.
  • Nitrous oxide has a euphoric effect and can cause laughing and giggling, hence the name.
  • However, it can also cause dizziness, nausea, and in rare cases, loss of consciousness.

CONCEPT:

Gypsum and Its Chemical Formula

• Gypsum is a naturally occurring mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate.
• The chemical formula of gypsum is CaSO₄·2H₂O, which means it consists of one calcium sulfate unit combined with two water molecules.
• Gypsum is widely used in the construction industry (e.g., for making plaster of Paris and drywall) and in agriculture as a soil conditioner.

EXPLANATION:

•  MgSO₄·7H₂O - This is the chemical formula of Epsom salt, not gypsum.
•  Na₂SO₄·18H₂O - This is the chemical formula of Glauber's salt, not gypsum.
• CaSO₄·1/2H₂O - This is the chemical formula of plaster of Paris, not gypsum. Plaster of Paris is obtained by heating gypsum and removing most of its water content.
•  CaSO₄·2H₂O - This is the correct chemical formula of gypsum.
• Thus, the correct answer is  CaSO₄·2H₂O.

Therefore, the chemical formula of gypsum is CaSO₄·2H₂O.

CONCEPT:

Alum and Its Chemical Formula

• Alum is a chemical compound that is commonly used as an astringent to stop bleeding from minor cuts or abrasions.
• It is a double sulfate of potassium and aluminum, and its chemical formula is KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O.
• The term "alum" typically refers to potassium alum, which is the most commonly used form of alum.

EXPLANATION:

• The chemical formula of potassium alum is:

  KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O

• This formula indicates that potassium alum consists of:
  • One potassium (K) ion
  • One aluminum (Al) ion
  • Two sulfate (SO₄) ions
  • 12 molecules of water of crystallization (12H₂O)
• Potassium alum is used in first aid because of its ability to constrict blood vessels and coagulate proteins, which helps in stopping bleeding.

Therefore, the chemical formula of alum commonly used to stop bleeding is KAl(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O.

CONCEPT:

Chemical Formula of Cryolite

• Cryolite is a mineral that is used in the aluminum extraction process, specifically in the Hall-Héroult process for the electrolytic reduction of alumina (Al₂O₃) to aluminum.
• The chemical formula of cryolite is Na₃AlF₆.
• Cryolite serves as a flux in the process, reducing the melting point of alumina and improving the efficiency of the aluminum extraction process.

EXPLANATION:

• CaF₂ - This is the formula for fluorite, not cryolite.
•  NaF - Sodium fluoride, which is incorrect as cryolite contains aluminum and multiple fluoride ions.
• AlF₃ - Aluminum fluoride, which is incorrect since cryolite also contains sodium.
• Na₃AlF₆ - This is the correct formula for cryolite, as it contains sodium, aluminum, and fluoride ions in the right proportions.

​Therefore, the chemical formula of cryolite is Na₃AlF₆.

The correct answer is bleaching powder.

Key Points

• Bleaching powder:
• The chlorine produced on passing electricity through brine solution undergoes a reaction with dry slaked lime [Ca (OH)2] to produce Bleaching powder.
• The reaction is as follows: Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2Owhere,
  • Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide or dry-slaked lime.
  • Cl2 is chlorine gas
  • CaOCl2 is a bleaching powder or calcioxychlorate.​

Additional Information

• Bleaching powder is used for several purposes:
  • As a bleaching agent for bleaching cotton and linen in the textile industry,
  • To bleach wood pulp in the paper manufacturing industry.
  • To bleach washed clothes in the laundry.
  • As an oxidizing agent in many chemical industries.
  • To disinfect drinking water and make it germ-free.

Important Points

The correct answer is CaOKey Points

• Calcium oxide (CaO):
  • It is commonly known as Quick lime or burnt lime.
  • It is commonly used in making porcelain and glass and also in preparing bleaching powder, etc.

Important Points

• Calcium chloride (CaCl2):
  • It is used in the production of activated charcoal and used as an electrolyte in sports drinks.
• Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2:
  • It is also known as slaked lime.
  • It is used in sewage treatment, paper production, and food processing, etc.
• Calcium Sulfate (CaSO4):
  • Calcium Sulfate, often known as Gypsum, is a well-known soil conditioner that helps farmers enhance the structure of their soil.
  • This form of fertilizer provides all of the nutrients essential for the growth of your plants.
  • Calcium enhances soil structure and produces oxygen conditions that are necessary for the health of the soil and plants.
  • Potassium is an important nutrient in commercial fertilizers.
  • It improves plant disease resistance and has a vital role in enhancing crop yields and overall quality.

Additional Information

Some common chemical compounds with their common names are:

The correct answer is potassium nitrate.

Key Points

• Potassium nitrate(KNO3) is also called Saltpetre or Nitre.
• It is widely used in Fertilizers, Gunpowder, Rocket Propellants, Firecrackers, food processing, etc. It has also certain pharmacological uses.

Additional Information

 Potassium manganite 

• Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) is an inorganic chemical compound.
• It is also known as Condy's crystals or permanganate of potash.

Lead nitrate

• Lead(II) nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Pb(NO3)2.
• It commonly occurs as a colourless crystal or white powder