Basics of Constitution MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Basics of Constitution - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Part XII.

• Article 268 to 293 in Part XII deals with the financial relations between Centre and States.
• The constitution of India has divided the legislative, executive, and financial powers between the centre and the states.
• It gives the constitution a federal character whereas the judiciary is integrated into a hierarchical structure.

Key Points

• The center-state relations are divided into three parts, which are mentioned below:
  • Legislative Relations (Article 245 - 255)
  • Administrative Relations (Article 256 - 263)
  • Financial Relations (Article 268 - 293)

Additional Information

• Financial Relations (Article 268-293): The Constitution has provided the union government and the state governments with independent sources of revenue
  • The parliament has exclusive power to levy taxes on the subjects mentioned in the Union List.
  • The state legislatures have exclusive power to levy taxes on the subjects mentioned in the State List.
  • Both the parliament and the state legislature are empowered to levy taxes on the subjects mentioned in the Concurrent List.
  • The parliament has exclusive power to levy taxes on matters related to the residuary subjects.

The correct answer is option (1) i.e. Police.

• Articles 245 to 255 in Part XI of the Constitution deals with the legislative relations.
• The three-fold distribution of legislative subjects is divided among Union, State, and Concurrent list.
  • Union list - Those matters which require uniformity of legislation nationwide comes under Union list. Examples - Defence and Foreign Affairs.
  • State list - The matters of local or regional importance come under State list. Examples - Public Health and
    Prison
  • Concurrent list - In Concurrent list uniformity of legislation nationwide is required but are not essential. Examples - Education and Forest.
• When there is a conflict between state law and central law then centre law prevails.

The correct answer is Article 263.

Key Points

• Article 263 of the Indian Constitution provides for the establishment of an Inter-State Council to facilitate coordination between states and the central government.
• The Inter-State Council aims to address disputes and promote cooperative federalism by offering a platform for dialogue on policies and implementation.
• It was officially set up in 1990 by a Presidential Order on the recommendation of the Sarkaria Commission, which reviewed Centre-State relations.
• The Council consists of the Prime Minister as the chairperson, along with Chief Ministers of all states, Union Territories with Legislatures, and other Union Ministers.
• Its primary functions include investigating and discussing subjects of common interest, making recommendations for better coordination, and resolving disputes between states or between states and the Union.

Additional Information

• Sarkaria Commission
  • Established in 1983 to examine the relationships and balance of power between the Centre and the states.
  • It recommended the setting up of the Inter-State Council under Article 263 to strengthen cooperative federalism.
• Federal Structure in India
  • India follows a federal system where powers are divided between the Centre and states as per the Constitution.
  • The Inter-State Council acts as a crucial mechanism for resolving conflicts and promoting harmonious relations.
• Key Functions of the Inter-State Council
  • Investigating and discussing issues of mutual interest between Centre and states.
  • Making recommendations for better policy coordination and resolving disputes effectively.
  • Facilitating consultation on matters of national importance.
• Constitutional Provisions for Inter-State Relations
  • Article 262: Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-state rivers or river valleys.
  • Article 263: Establishment of mechanisms like the Inter-State Council to resolve disputes and foster cooperation.
  • Seventh Schedule: Division of powers between Union and State through Union, State, and Concurrent Lists.

The correct answer is 4

Explanation:

• The Constitution of India, being federal in structure, divides all powers (legislative, executive, and financial) between the Centre and the states.
• However, there is no division of judicial power as the Constitution has established an integrated judicial system to enforce both the Central laws as well as state laws.
• Though the Centre and the states are supreme in their respective fields, the maximum harmony and coordination between them is essential for the effective operation of the federal system. 
• Hence, the Constitution contains elaborate provisions to regulate the various dimensions of the relations between the Centre and the states.
• The center-state relations is divided into three types to understand it easily are:
  • Legislative relations.
  • Administrative relations.
  • Financial relations.
     

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• Part XI of the Indian Constitution is titled “Relations between the Union and the States.” Hence, option 4 is correct.
• It contains provisions related to:
  • Distribution of legislative powers between the Union and States (Lists in the Seventh Schedule).
  • Administrative relations.
  • Mechanisms to resolve disputes between Union and State governments.

The correct answer is Part III.

Key Points

• Article 32 of the Indian Constitution gives the right to individuals to move to the Supreme Court to seek justice.
• Under Article 32, the parliament can also entrust any other court to exercise the power of the Supreme Court, provided that it is within its Jurisdiction.
• Article 32 is for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
• The nature of the Writ Jurisdiction provided under this Article is discretionary.

• There are five types of Writs as provided under Article 32 of the Constitution:
  • Habeas Corpus.
  • Quo Warranto.
  • Mandamus.
  • Certiorari.
  • Prohibition.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Nomination of Members to Rajya Sabha.

• The procedure for the nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha is borrowed from Ireland.

Key Points

• Canadian Constitution: 
  • Advisory Jurisdiction of Supreme Court.
  • A federal system with a strong center.
  • Residual powers vest at the center.
  • Appointment of State Governors.

Additional Information

Sources of Indian Constitution

The correct answer is the 86^th amendment.

Key Points

• The 86^th amendment to the Constitution of India in 2002, provided the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right in Part-III of the Constitution.
• The amendment inserted Article 21A which made the Right to Education a fundamental right for children between 6-14 years.
• The 86^th amendment provided for follow-up legislation for Right to Education Bill 2008 and finally Right to Education Act, 2009.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

The following things have been borrowed from the Constitution of Australia:

1. Concurrent List.
2. Freedom of trade.
3. Commerce and intercourse.
4. The joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.

Additional Information

• The other borrowed provisions from different countries and details of those are given in below:

The correct answer is Education.

Key Points

• There are six fundamental rights enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the constitution of India.
• Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste or gender.
• Article 21A of the Constitution of India provides the Right to Education.
• The RTE Act of the Parliament of India was enacted on 4 August 2009 and came into force on 1 April 2010.
• The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right.

Additional Information

• The Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution are-

The correct answer is 5.

Important Points

The Right to Equality provides:

• For the equal treatment of everyone before the law
• Prevent discrimination on various grounds
• Treats everybody as equals in matters of public employment  
• Abolish untouchability and titles

The article mentioned under the right to equality

The correct answer is option 4 i.e UK.

• In the Indian constitution, the section on Citizenship draws inspiration from the UK.
• The United Kingdom is the common name of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
• India borrowed many features from different countries while preparing the country's constitution.
  • The constitution of India was adopted by the constituent assembly on 26^th November 1949.
  • The constitution of India came into force on 26^th January 1950.
  • The constituent assembly took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to frame the constitution of India.
• Major features borrowed from the UK are:
  1. Writs.
  2. Single Citizenship.
  3. Office of Comptroller and Auditor General.
  4. Rule of Law.
  5. Parliamentary form of Government.
• Major features borrowed from the USA are:
  1. Preamble.
  2. Judicial Review.
  3. Fundamental Rights.
  4. Impeachment.
  5. Functions of Vice President.
• Major features borrowed from Australia are:
  1. Joint sitting.
  2. Trade and Commerce.
  3. Concurrent list.
• Major features borrowed from France are.
  1. Republic.
  2. Ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.

The correct answer is Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi.

• Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi described the preamble of the Indian Constitution as the 'Political horoscope of the Indian Constitution'.

Additional Information

• The Preamble of the Indian constitution is based on "Objectives Resolution".
• It was drafted and moved by Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru and adopted by the constituent assembly.
• In the historic case of Kesavananda Bharati (1973), Supreme Court held that Preamble is a part of the constitution and can be amended under article 368, subject to the condition that no amendment is done to the "Basic structure".
• The Preamble has been amended only once so far, in 1976 by the 42nd Constitutional amendment Act.
• The term ‘Socialist’, ‘Secular’, and ‘Integrity’ were added to the preamble through 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. 
• ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were added between ‘Sovereign’ and ‘Democratic’.
• ‘Unity of the Nation’ was changed to ‘Unity and Integrity of the Nation’.
• By the 42nd Constitutional amendment act 1976, three new words - Socialist, Secular and Integrity are added to the preamble.

The correct answer is 22.

Important Points

• The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with official languages recognized by the Indian Constitution.
• Currently, 22 languages have been recognized by the Indian constitution.
• They are:

Key Points

How to remember all the schedules: Code for 12 schedules is - TEARS OF OLD PM

1st Schedule: T- Territory,

2nd Schedule: E- Emoluments/salary,

3rd Schedule: A- Affirmation/Oath,

4th Schedule: R- Rajya Sabha,

5th Schedule: S- Scheduled Tribes,

6th Schedule: O- Other Tribes,

7th Schedule: F- Federal (Division Of Powers),

8th Schedule: O- Official Regional Languages,

9th Schedule: L- Land Reform,

10th Schedule: D- Defection (Anti-Defection Law),

11th Schedule: P- Panchayati Raj,

12th Schedule: M- Municipal Corporation

The correct answer is option 3, i.e Directive Principle of State Policy.

Key Points

• Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP):
  • The DPSP is taken from the Irish Constitution.
  • The DPSP is very essential for the social, economical and political development of the country.
  • There are 16 DPSP in our constitution, i.e from articles 36 to 51.
  • The DPSP are non-justiciable in nature.
  • The Directive principle of state policy under article 40, gives details about the formation of Village Panchayat as a unit of self-government.
• Fundamental Rights:
  • The concept of a fundamental right is taken from the American constitution.
  • There are 6 fundamental rights in our constitution.
  • These are justiciable in nature, so one can approach the supreme court in case of violation of their fundamental rights directly.
• Fundamental Duties:
  • The fundamental duties are taken from the USSR constitution.
  • These are recommended after the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee.
  • There are 11 duties provided in the constitution, which citizens must follow as being responsible for the country.